ICSE class 9 biology disease notes

disease	Affected organ	organism	Incubation period	symptoms	antibiotic	prevention	others
tuberculosis	Lung disease	Rod shaped bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis	2-10 weeks	Tissue form a tubercle round the germs	streptomycin	BCG	24 march anti tuberculosis day
cholera	Intestinal tract	Vibrio cholerae	Few hrs -6 days	Vomiting, loose stools, dehydration	ORS Saline	Good sanitation Clean and hygienic food Well cooked food Avoid insect contact	Oro-faecal contamination
Tetanus/lock jaw diseases	Complete body, jaw gets locked	Clostridium tetani	4-20 days	Jaw gets locked	Tet vac	vaccination	Organism enters the body thro deep cuts
syphilis		SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE
TRIPLE VACCINATION
Common roundworms Ascaris ascariasis	Intestines- Female lays 1000 eggs per day					Washing hands and fruits, veggies b4 eating	Cylindrical worm, llr to earthworm size,female longer, male have cureve hook
Tapeworm/taenia solium/taeniasis	intestine			Increases in length Absorbs host food. The mature worms throw the eggs by detaching from the body and comes out through feaces			Eating infected pork/beef
Viruses-
polio	Legs	Polio virus- spreads through  secretion of nose, throat, intestinal wastes	7-14 days	Paralysed joints	Salk vaccine- developed from killed virus		Pulse poliuo programme- oral drops
mumps	Neck and salivary glands		12-26 days	Swollen neck Parotid glands are affected		Isolation for 7-10 days, separate utensils and clothing
rabies	Central nervous system	Spreads through mad dog bite-polio virus	More than a month	Hydrophobia- scared for water		Regular injection of the weakened organism	s
HIV-human immune deficiency virus causes AIDS	Immune system	HIV	10-12 years	Cancers, fever, weight loss-secondary diseases			Spreads through sexual intercourse Contaminated blood transfusion Mother to child transmission needles